Dayton: Demographics & People
Census counts 136,579 people in Dayton, in 58,477 households. Population shrank 0.1% from 136,741 (2022) to 136,579 (2024). Median age 34.1 years. (4.7y younger than Montgomery County; 4.0y younger than Ohio). Children under 18 are 21% of the population. Population is 50% White (non-Hispanic) and 38% Black. The community is moderately diverse (Simpson index 0.56). 48% of households are family-led. County is gaining 2,152 residents per year (2022-2023). County health: 39% adult obesity, 15% smoke.
- 2.3 people per household (vs Ohio avg 2.4).
- 52% non-family households (singles, roommates) (vs Ohio 44%).
- 55 dependents per 100 working-age (youth + seniors / 18-64) (vs Ohio 67).
Population & Trend
Population shrank 0.1% from 136,741 (2022) to 136,579 (2024). Estimated 2026 population: ~136,415 (extrapolated at -0.1%/yr trend).
| Census data vintage | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Population | 167,966 people |
| Annual growth rate · Population change | -0.1% |
| Annual growth rate · Population (2022) | 136,741 |
| Annual growth rate · Population (2024) | 136,579 |
| Annual growth rate · Trend category | stable |
| Population | 136,579 people (vs Ohio 29,269) |
| Population Estimate | 136,194 |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023, Table B01003 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Age Distribution
Median age 34.1y is 4.8 years younger than the U.S. median (38.9y). Children under 18 make up 21% — near the U.S. share of ~22%.
| Age Summary · Median age | 34.1 years (vs Ohio 38.1y) |
|---|---|
| Age Summary · Children Pct | 21.3% |
| Age Summary · Character | young professional |
| Age Summary · Total Pop | 136,579 |
| Age Summary · Under 18 | 29,159 |
| Age Summary · 18 To 34 | 40,747.0× |
| Age Summary · 35 To 64 | 47,437.0× |
| Age Summary · 65 Plus | 19,236 |
| Population under 18 | 29,159 |
| Median age | 34.1 years (vs Ohio 38.1y) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2024 — place-level B01001 query · Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-29
Race, Ethnicity & Diversity
Of 136,579 residents, race / ethnicity breaks down by Census ACS counts (a person can identify with one or more groups). The Simpson diversity index is 0.56 (0 = single group, 1 = perfectly even distribution); this is read as moderately diverse.
| White residents | 70,116 |
|---|---|
| Black residents | 51,915 |
| Asian residents | 1,682 |
| Hispanic or Latino residents | 7,591 |
| Diversity Index · Diversity index (Simpson) | 55.5% |
| Diversity Index · Diversity label | moderately diverse |
| Diversity Index · Groups counted | 4 |
| Diversity Index · Largest group share | 53.4% |
| Asian population | 1.3% (vs Ohio 1.9%) |
| Black population | 37.6% (vs Ohio 8.0%) |
| Hispanic or Latino population | 5.7% (vs Ohio 4.5%) |
| White (non-Hispanic) population | 49.9% (vs Ohio 77.9%) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Ancestry
Self-reported ancestry from Census ACS — what residents report as their ethnic origin, separate from race. Counts can exceed population because people can list multiple ancestries.
Top (8)
Citizenship & Origin
Where residents were born and their citizenship status (Census ACS). 1.3% are foreign-born — below the U.S. average of 13.9%. 5% have naturalized to U.S. citizenship.
| Residents born in this state | 95,355 |
|---|---|
| Residents born in another state | 32,224 |
| Share born in this state | 69.8% |
| Share born in another state | 30.2% |
| Native-born U.S. citizens | 23.6% |
| Foreign-born residents | 1.3% |
| Naturalized citizens | 5.3% |
| Total foreign-born residents | 6,665 |
| From Europe | 467 |
| From Asia | 71 |
| From Africa | 2,046 |
| From Latin America | 51 |
| Census Foreign Born · Caribbean | 11 |
Households & Family Composition
58,477 households. Averaging 2.1 people each — smaller than the U.S. average of 2.5. 48% are family households — below the U.S. share of ~65%. Of 28,194 families, 14% are married couples with children.
| Children under 18 | 29,652 |
|---|---|
| Total families | 28,194 |
| Married couples with children | 4,073 |
| Single-parent households | 1,658 |
| Average household size | 2.14 |
| Women who gave birth (past year) | 15.4% |
| Grandparents living with grandchildren | 2,833 |
| Grandparents responsible for grandchildren | 1,178 |
| Family households | 28,243 households (vs Ohio 7,027) |
| Households that are families | 48.3% (vs Ohio 55.9%) |
| Total households | 58,477 households (vs Ohio 12,056) |
Sources: Census ACS 5-Year 2023 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Residential Stability & Migration
How long residents have lived here and where they came from. 20.6% moved within the county in the past year — the U.S. baseline is roughly 8–10%. The surrounding county is gaining 2,152 residents per year on net (IRS migration data).
| Moved within the county (past year) | 20.6% |
|---|---|
| Migration · People moving in (annual) | 165,100 |
| Migration · People moving out (annual) | 162,948 |
| Migration · Net migration (in − out) | 2,152 |
| Migration · Population growing | Yes |
| Migration · Year | 2022-2023 |
Sources: IRS SOI Migration 2021-2022 · Refreshed 2026-04-12
Disability
Census ACS measures self-reported functional limitations — vision, hearing, mobility, cognitive, self-care, or independent-living. The U.S. baseline disability rate is about 12–13%; rates trend higher with median age.
| Residents with a disability | 11,872 |
|---|---|
| Disability rate | 8.8% |
Group Quarters
Group quarters are non-household living arrangements counted by the Census — college dormitories, nursing homes, military barracks, group homes, correctional facilities, and similar institutional or shared housing. 12,410 residents live in group quarters (9.1% of population).
| Living in group quarters | 12,410 |
|---|
Veterans
| Veterans Services · Total count | 2 |
|---|
Sources: IRS BMF keyword
Other
| Congressional District · District | 10 |
|---|---|
| Congressional District · Congress | 118th |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Fips | 39057 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · State Fips | 39 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · County Fips | 057 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · County | Greene |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Birth Rate | 10.5% |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Lower Ci | 9.20 |
| Cdc Birth Rate · Upper Ci | 11.80 |
| Cdc Mortality · Fips | 39057 |
| Cdc Mortality · County | Greene County |
| Cdc Mortality · Urban Rural | Medium metro |
| Cdc Mortality · Total Deaths 2020 2023 | 4,762 |
| Cdc Vaccination · Fips | 39057 |
| Cdc Vaccination · County | Greene County |
| Cdc Vaccination · Dose1 Pop Pct | 71.8% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Series Complete Pct | 65.4% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Booster Pct | 54.3% |
| Cdc Vaccination · Population 2019 | 168,937 |
| Cdc Vaccination · Metro Status | Metro |
| Family Score · Score | 10 |
| Family Score · Schools | 86 |
| Family Score · Childcare Centers | 101 |
| Family Score · Youth Sports Orgs | 7 |
| Family Score · Children Pct | 21.3% |
| Family Score · Rating | excellent |
| Town Summary · Key Facts | population 136,579, stable, young professional, working-class, mixed |
| Town Summary · Population | 136,579 people (vs Ohio 29,269) |
| Town Summary · County | Greene County |
Sources: NCES school congressional district assignment · federal dataset cascade